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    <gco:DateTime>2021-09-23T14:59:37</gco:DateTime>
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            <gco:CharacterString>Reproductive disorders - malformed embryos of amphipods 2018 data</gco:CharacterString>
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        <gco:CharacterString>This dataset represents the underlying data on core indicator 'Reproductive disorders: malformed embryos of amphipods 2018'. The core indicator evaluates the status of the marine environment based on the presence of hazardous substances in the bottom sediments. The rate of embryo malformations indicates reproductive toxicity due to the presence of hazardous substances in the bottom sediments. The threshold value has not been achieved on all stations within each basin indicating that toxic effects of contaminants may be present. The variability of the malformation rate is much greater within a basin than between the Bothnian Sea and the Baltic proper.

This dataset displays the result of the indicator in HELCOM Assessment Scale 2 (Division of the Baltic Sea into 17 sub-basins).

Attribute information:
"YEAR" = Year of sampling	
"Basin" = Subbasin abbreviation
"REGION" = Region code within the Baltic Sea
"STATN" = Station
"Lat_WGS84d" = latitude coordinate of station 
"Lon_WGS84d" = longitude coordinate of station
"TotalEmbry" = Total embryos
"UNDIFFiren" = Undifferentiated
"MALFORmed" = Malformed
"MEMBraneDa" = Membrane damage
"FemalesWME" = Females with malformed embryos
"NofFemales" = Number of Females
"AveFecundi" = Average Fecundity
"STN" = 
"FFemWAE" = Frequency Females with aberrated embryos
"FreqAberrE" = Frequency Aberrant Embryos
"inGES_Fem" = inGES (Females)
"inGES_Emb" = inGES (Embryos)
"inGES_Over" = inGES (overall)</gco:CharacterString>
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                    <gco:Date>2018-08-16</gco:Date>
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            <gco:CharacterString>HOLAS2 2018 Core indicator</gco:CharacterString>
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            <gco:CharacterString>Use constraints: The data and resulting data products (tables, figures and maps) available on the indicator web page can be used freely given that the source is cited. The indicator should be cited as following: HELCOM (2018) Reproductive disorders: malformed embryos of amphipods. HELCOM supplementary indicator report. Online. [Date Viewed], [Web link].</gco:CharacterString>
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                    <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2010/1089">Commission Regulation (EU) No 1089/2010 of 23 November 2010 implementing Directive 2007/2/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards interoperability of spatial data sets and services</gmx:Anchor>
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                        <gco:Date>2010-12-08</gco:Date>
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            <gco:CharacterString>Data host for Swedish amphipod data is IVL but from 2018 SGU (Geological Survey of Sweden) is data host. Project data from BONUS project BEAST are stored in the BONUS haz database hosted by Aarhus University in Denmark. Data are under development to be delivered to ICES. Project data from BONUS project BEAST is also stored in the BONUShaz database hosted by Aarhus University in Denmark (http://gis.au.dk/BALCOFISH/default.aspx). 

To decrease statistical uncertainty of the analysis, a high number of sampling stations per assessment unit is recommended. Since sample size (i.e., number of gravid females available for the analysis) may have high temporal (year-to-year) and spatial (stations within assessment unit) variability, bootstrapping can be applied to control for the sample size. For each station, a sample size of 50 gravid females and about 1,500 embryos is the recommended sample size within the Swedish National Marine Monitoring Program for evaluating the proportion of malformed embryos in the population. Depending on the area of the assessment unit, distribution of sustained populations of the species in question, and heterogeneity of hydrography, several survey regions should be included, with several stations per region (Assessment Protocol figure 1). 

The confidence of the indicator in the assessed areas is moderate to high since more than 20 years data for setting the threshold values has been used and the assessment data are collected from multiple stations surveyed on annual basis within each assessment unit. 

Additional information:

http://www.helcom.fi/baltic-sea-trends/indicators/reproductive-disorders-malformed-embryos-of-amphipods

Link to metadata of the indicator: 
http://metadata.helcom.fi/geonetwork/srv/eng/catalog.edit#/metadata/2869723</gco:CharacterString>
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