HELCOM Metadata catalogue
HELCOM Metadata catalogue (Helcom)
Continents, countries, sea regions of the world.
Diatom-dinoflagellate ratio 2018 data (HOLAS 2)
This dataset represents the underlying data on core indicator Diatom/Dinoflagellate ration 2018. The core indicator evaluates phytoplankton community structure to determine whether it reflects good environmental status. Quantitative thresholds are used to evaluate if core indicators status is Good, Not good or Not assessed. Attribute information: "Station" = Name of station "Date" = Sampling date and time "Assessment" = Name of HELCOM level 2 assessment unit "Biomass_of" = Biomass of all diatoms "Biomass_1" = Biomass of all dinoflagellates (autotrophic and mixotrophic) "Data_origi" = Data originating organization "Use_restri" = Data use restrictions (YES/NO). Restricted data is not included.
Use constraints: Data can be used freely given that the source (HELCOM) is cited.
Access constraints: No limitations on public access.
The data is based on national monitoring data and collected by the indicator lead for calculation the ratio. The core indicator data and results have been verified by HELCOM Contracting Parties experts.
Commercial fisheries with surface and midwater gears
The dataset contains information on commercial fishery with surface and mid-water gears in Baltic Sea in 2007 (Lithuanian data from 2008). Total catches/landings are given per ICES rectangle in tons. The dataset contains information on commercial fishery with surface and mid-water gears in Baltic Sea in 2007 (Lithuanian data from 2008). Total catches/landings are given per ICES rectangle in tons. Surface and mid-water gears (gear category 1)includes mid-water otter and pair trawls, Danish seine, pelagic trawls, drift nets, trolling lines, drifting longlines, unspecified longlines. The total catches/landings with this type of gears are 607,000 tons. The catches/landings per ICES rectangle are also given per species. Data was requested from HELCOM contracting parties through HELCOM HOLAS project. Landings/ catches data from Finland, Sweden, Denmark, Germany, Poland, Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia is based on national data, while Russian data is based on the ICES report "Report of the Baltic Fisheries Assessment Working Group (WGBFAS)" (2008). Commercial fishery data was reported by the following persons/authorities to HELCOM Secretariat: Germany:Dr. Christopher Zimmermann (Institut für Ostseefischerei (OSF), Johann Heinrich von Thünen-Institut (vTI), Bundesforschungsinstitut für Ländliche Räume, Wald und Fischerei) Lithuania: Open sea: Irina Jakovleva (Fisheries Reguliation Division, Baltic Sea Fisheries Department, Fisheries Department under the Ministry of Agriculture); coastal: Rimantas Repecka (Head of Laboratory of Marine Ecology, Institute of Ecology of Vilnius University) Sweden: Jarl Engquist (Avdelningen för fiskerikontroll, Swedish Board of Fisheries) Latvia: Marina Fettere (Fishery and Information section, Latvian Fish Resources Agency) Finland: Pirkko Söderkultalahti (Finnish Game and Fisheries Research Institute) Estonia: Ministry of Agriculture Denmark: Troels Pade (The Danish Directorate of Fisheries, Ministry for Food, Agriculture and Fisheries) Russia: no contact person, data from ICES reports Poland: Malgorzata Marciniewicz-Mykieta (Departament Monitoringu i Informacji o Srodowisku, Glówny Inspektorat Ochrony Srodowiska) Abbreviation of species ABK=White Bream; ACC=Ruffe; ACH=Charr; ALR=Bleak; ANE=European anchovy; ANF=Anglerfishes; BLL=Brill; CAT=Rockfishes; CGO=Goldfish; COD=Cod; CRA=Marine crabs; CRE=Edible Crab; CSH=Common shrimp; DAB=Dab; DGS=Sourdog/Spint Dogfish; ELE=Eel; ELP=Eelpout; FAS=Asp; FBM=Bream; FBR=Freshwater breams; FBU=Burbot; FCC=Crucian carp; FCP=Common carp; FGR=Grayling; FID=Orfe (=Ide); FIE=Common dace; FLE=Flounder; FLX=Flatfishes; FPE=Perch; FPI=Pike; FPP=Zander (Pikeperch); FRD=Rudd; FRF=Freshwater fishes; FRO=Roach; FRU=Ruffe; FSB=Silver bream; FTE=Tench; FVE=Vendace (Cisco); FVI=Freshwater Vimba; GAR=Garfish; GPA=Gobies; GTA=Three-Spined Stickleback; GUG=Grey Gurnard; HAD=Haddock; HAL=Halibut; HER=Herring; HKE=Hake; HOM=Horse Mackarel; JAX=Jack and horse mackerels; LAR=River lamprey; LAU=Sea lamprey; LBE=European Lobster; LEM=Lemon Sole; LIN=Ling; LUM=Lumpfish; MAC=Mackerel; MLR=Thicklip Grey Mullet; MON=Monkfish; MQS=Four Spined Sculpin; MTL=Thick-lipped Mullet; MUL=Grey mullets; MUS=Blue mussel; MUX=Surmullets (= Red mullets); MZZ=Marine fishes; NBU=Round Goby NEP=Norway lobster; NOP=Norway pout; OTH=Other sp; PLA=Long-rough dab; PLE=Plaice; PLN=European Whitefish; POK=Saithe; POL=Pollack; PPZ=Common Prawn; PRA=Northern Pink Shrimp; SAL=Salmon; SAN=Sandeels; SKA=Skates, rays; SKB=Sticklebacks; SME=Smelt; SOL=Sole; SPR=Sprat; SQU=Squids; SRA=Atlantic searobins; SRE=Rudd; TAS=Twaite Shad; TGQ=Fourhorn Sculpin; TRB=Rainbow Trout; TRO=Trouts; TRR=Rainbow Trout; TRS=SeaTrout; TSD=Twaite Shad; TUR=Turbot; UNK=Unknown Catches; USK=Tusk; WEG=Greater Weever; WHB=Blue Whiting; WHF=Whitefish, Houting, Powan; WHG=Whiting; WIT=Witch; VIV=Vimba bream.
Use constraints: Data can be used freely given that the source is cited.
Data was requested from HELCOM contracting parties through HELCOM HOLAS project. Data from Finland, Sweden, Denmark, Germany, Poland, Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia is based on national data, while Russian data is based on the ICES report "Report of the Baltic Fisheries Assessment Working Group (WGBFAS)" (2008). The fishery data was reported as both catches and landings by the countries. The catches/landings were mainly reported per ICES rectangle but Lithuanian coastal data and the whole Russian data was obtained per ICES subdivisions. The data was therefore divided equally between the smaller ICES rectangles in each subdivision. In this dataset the catches/landings from all countries have been summed per ICES rectangle to get a total value per rectangle. The ICES rectangle shape file has been created by the Danish Institute for Fisheries Research (DIFRES) for non-commercial purposes. The rectangle layer has been cut to match the Baltic Sea area. Each rectangle has an ICES id.
Fishing intensity total 2009 surface gear v2
This dataset describes fishing intensity for surface mobile bottom contacting gear in 2009 based on VMS/Log book data processed by ICES Working Group on Spatial Fisheries Data (WGSFD). ICES secretariat collected during 2017 relevant VMS and logbook data for 2009-2016 to produce, as a technical service to HELCOM, updated spatial data layers on fishing intensity/pressure. Improved data quality control checks were implemented. Submitted data across the HELCOM area have improved in quality compared to previous data 2009-2013 published in 2015. Standardized methods were used to produce the requested data layers. The code used to create the data products is available here: https://github.com/ices-eg/wg_WGSFD For further technical information on the advice request, see http://www.ices.dk/sites/pub/Publication%20Reports/Advice/2017/Special_requests/helcom.2017.18.pdf HELCOM secretariat did the following processing to the shapefile provided by ICES: - Conversion to ETRS89LAEA coordinate system - Added feature and attribute "Reported" to display unreported areas. Dataset attribute information: c-square: Unique reference of the c-square polygon Year: Year of fishing activity mid_lat: latitude coordinate of the centroid of c-square inWGS84 decimal degrees mid_lon: longitude coordinate of the centroid of c-square inWGS84 decimal degrees SurfaceSAR: Surface area ratio (Swept area, < 2 cm penetration depth of the gear components) Subsurface: Subsurface area ratio (Swept area, subsurface =>2 cm penetration depth of the gear components) totweight: Total Weight (kg) totvalue: Total value (Euros) Kw Fishing Hours: (Kw*h) Fishing hours: (h) Reported: Yes=Reported data. No= No reported data (area that does not contain effort/intensity value due to lack of reported data). Please note that this dataset was updated (v2) in January 2019, see further details below in the lineage section.
Use constraints: The data products derived from the advice are downloadable from HELCOM Map and Data service and can be used freely given that the source is cited. The correct data product citation is following: ICES. 2017. Spatial data layers of fishing intensity/pressure per gear type for surface and subsurface abrasion, for the years 2009 and 2016 in the HELCOM area. Available as shapefile datasets at: https://doi.org/10.17895/ices.pub.2860.
ICES secretariat collected during 2017 relevant VMS and logbook data for 2009-2016 to produce, as a technical service to HELCOM, updated spatial data layers on fishing intensity/pressure. Improved data quality control checks were implemented. Submitted data across the HELCOM area have improved in quality compared to previous data 2009-2013 published in 2015. Standardized methods were used to produce the requested data layers. The code used to create the data products is available here: https://github.com/ices-eg/wg_WGSFD HELCOM secretariat downloaded the data and did the following processing to the shapefile provided by ICES: - Conversion to ETRS89LAEA coordinate system - Added feature and attribute "Reported" to display unreported areas. After processing, the datasets were published via HELCOM Map and Data service as individual map layers. Dataset corrected in January 2019: Upon request of the data provider outputs have been updated by ICES to better ensure vessel anonymity. Three ICES advice products (associated with sr.2018.14, sr.2017.17, and sr.2017.18) that use VMS and logbook data to describe detailed bottom trawling fishing activity have been updated to better ensure individual vessel anonymity. For these products, the level of gear grouping dis-aggregation at a c-square resolution of (0.05 degrees x 0.05 degrees) over one year were deemed too detailed by the original data provider subsequent to the release of the original advice. For these c-squares (containing 3 vessels or less) the value "-9" has been inserted to indicate that the data value for effort is missing from the c-square, but that the c-square does have a footprint from bottom trawling.
The data set is showing sandy beaches along the Baltic Sea coast as polyline used for the BRISK project (Sub-regional risk of spill of oil and hazardous substances in the Baltic Sea, http://www.brisk.helcom.fi/). This dataset has been produced by COWI (http://www.cowi.dk) based on data collected from Russia and COWI from figure 2.7 Major coast types in the Baltic (Bird & Schwartz 1985) and HELCOM (1993) Tacis rapport and additions in Germany (CRJ).
Use constraints: The dataset includes data provided by the BRISK Project Partner organisations. The detailed documentation of what partner provided what data and under what conditions is given in the Annex of the document: 70618-3.1.2.2 Data Collection Report: http://www.brisk.helcom.fi/publications/en_GB/publications/_files/87683540275822972/default/Report%20on%20collected%20data.pdf
Summary Estimated observations of the biotope 1650 were collected from the Baltic Sea area by expert judgements for HELCOM Red List of biotopes, habitats and biotope complexes. Description Boreal Baltic narrow inletsThe HELCOM Red List of Baltic Sea underwater biotopes, habitats and biotope complexes (2013) is an updated and improved version of the Red List assessment of marine and coastal biotopes and biotope complexes published in 1998. The classification of the report follows the proposed International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) criteria and assessment principals but with some modifications for the Baltic Sea.Altogether, the HELCOM Underwater Biotope and habitat classification (HELCOM HUB) includes 209 biotopes of which 59 were red-listed. Many of the red-listed biotopes are located in deep areas of the Baltic Sea due to oxygen-free nature as well as in the southwestern Baltic Sea due to the salinity restricted distribution of species in certain biotope. The HELCOM assessment relies heavily on expert judgment and inference, and the questionnaire data represents the estimated presence-absence data not in-situ measured data. This must be taken in account when observing the map presentation. The biotopes are shown on the map using the EEA 100 km grid. This dataset displays estimated presence of the biotope 1650 according to HELCOM RED LIST assessment experts:Fjords are present in Swedish and Finnish coastal areas of the Bothnian Sea, the Gulf of Finland and the Baltic Proper. The present and past distribution is in areas of crystalline bedrock. The distribution map indicates the area in the 100 x 100 km grid where biotope is known to occur (Naturvårdverket 2011).(Data (expert judgements) collected in HELCOM RED LIST project, released in May 2013)
Use constraints: Data can be used freely given that the source (HELCOM, 2013) is cited.
ETRS-LAEA5210 is the recommended projection for reference grids by the European Environment Agency. Based on proposal at the "1st European Workshop on Reference Grids", this grid is the recommened grid for EEA grids. This reference grid is based on ETRS89 Lambert Azimuthal Equal Area projection with parameters: latitude of origin 52° N, longitude of origin 10° E, false northing 3 210 000.0 m, false easting 4 321 000.0 m. Origin of grid is calculated from 0 m N 0 m E of projection. Parameters for grid calculation: start X-axis from origin: 0 m, start Y-Axis from origin: 700000 m, number of rows: 67 and number of columns: 84.
This dataset was collected by HELCOM Secretariat during the HELCOM MORE project and represents monitoring stations in the Baltic Sea. This dataset contains all nutrient stations in the Baltic Sea as reported to the HELCOM MORE project.
Use constraints: HELCOM data can be used freely for non-commercial purposes. Users are requested to cite HELCOM as the data source when using downloaded datasets in publications.
The dataset was collected and published at the beginning of 2013.The data came originally from the CORESET project. Contracting Parties were then asked to complete and check the info.The dataset was updated in 18 February 2015 with Finnish and Swedish monitoring stations reported by the end of 2014 as requested in HELCOM STATE 1-2014 meeting. Following update was done in 11 September 2015 regarding Polish stations following update request in HELCOM STATE & CONSERVATION 2-2015 meeting.
The dataset contains the number of hunted seals per species (ringed, harbour, and grey) per county/municipality as reported by the Contracting Parties for the period 2016-2021. The data was made available by HELCOM Contracting Parties in response to a data call. The data was reported by Denmark, Estonia, Finland, and Sweden. The activity was declared as not relevant in Germany, Latvia and Poland. Attribute specification and units: Area: Name of the area given by the national data provider DesArea: Unit area Grey_2016-Grey_2021: Number of individuals per year (2016 – 2021) for grey seals Harb_2016-Harb_2021: Number of individuals per year(2016 – 2021) for harbour seals Ring_2016-Ring_2021: Number of individuals per year (2016 – 2021) for ringed seals Notes: Notes regarding the data grey_avg: average of the number of individuals per year ringed_avg: average of the number of individuals per year harbo_avg: average of the number of individuals per year
Use constraints: Data can be used freely given that the source is cited (following creative commons license CC-BY). The source should be cited as: “HELCOM HOLAS 3 Dataset (2023)"
The dataset was created in order to update the information for the Baltic Sea Region for the HELCOM Assessments. Data was collected by the HELCOM Secretariat during 2022. The data were reported by Denmark, Estonia, Finland and Sweden. The activity was declared as not relevant in Germany, Latvia and Poland. National remarks: Denmark: Reported number of Harbor Seals shot by Danish hunters summed per municipality. Harbor seal has been recorded in the Danish Bag Statistics since 2017. AU has validated data as part of a general quality check. https://fauna.au.dk/en/hunting-and-game-management/bag-statistics Estonia: Summarized annual hunting data of grey seals based on data reported by users of hunting districts, recalculated to counties. Only data from 7 counties by the Baltic Sea are provided (Harjumaa, Hiiumaa, Ida-Virumaa, Läänemaa, Lääne-Virumaa, Pärnumaa, Saaremaa). Grey seal is the only seal-species that is allowed to hunt in Estonia. The annual harvest quota for grey seals in Estonia is established by the Environmental Board - usually 1% of counted grey seals of previous year (monitoring data of abundance of grey seals), being 37-55 specimens a year (2016-2021). Users of hunting districts are obligated to notify Environmental Board of each hunted individual within 24 h period after a hunt. The number of hunted individuals are also reported annually by users of hunting districts to the Estonian Environment Agency. It’s a legal obligation for them according to the Hunting Act. Hunting activities are randomly supervised by the Environment Board (formerly by the Environmental Inspectorate), who also makes compliance checks with the hunting permits requirements. Reported game-hunt data are consolidated into national annual hunting reports by Estonian Environment Agency. https://keskkonnaagentuur.ee/keskkonnaagentuuri-tegevusvaldkonnad/ulukid/valjaanded-ulevaated#ulukite-kttimisega- Finland: Official Statistics of Finland: Hunting. The dataset covers the amounts of hunted seals in Finland during 2016-2021. Data is based on mandatory harvest reports made by hunters. Figures for Åland gathered by Finnish Environment Institute. Harvest is reported to the Finnish Wildlife Agency. The quality of the data is good. Harvest reports are mandatory, and defaulting is sanctioned. https://statdb.luke.fi/PXWeb/pxweb/en/LUKE/ Sweden: Hunted seal species per county 2016-2021. Swedish data is available on pointwise locations, but aggregated county values are applied in HOLAS3. National data provider: Denmark: Aarhus University (AU) on behalf of the Danish Environmental Agency. Estonia: Estonian Environment Agency Finland: Natural Resource Institute Finland/Finnish Wildlife Agency, Finnish Environment Institute Sweden: Swedish Agency for Marine and Water Management
The shipping density map highlights the intensity of all IMO registered ships operating in the Baltic Sea for the period 2016-2020. It was extracted from the HELCOM AIS (Automatic Identification System) dataset (https://metadata.helcom.fi/geonetwork/srv/eng/catalog.search#/metadata/2558244b-0cea-46e9-8053-af6ef5d01853).
Use constraints: Data can be used freely given that the source is cited (following creative commons license CC-BY). The source should be cited as: “HELCOM HOLAS 3 Dataset (2023)".
The density map is based on a grid from the European Environment Agency (EEA) and is following the INSPIRE geographical grid systems. It is dividing the Baltic Sea into cells of 1 km by 1 km. For each month, a value was assigned to each cell of the grid. The value is the number of trips crossing the particular cell. A trip is defined as a movement of a ship between two ports or from/to outside the Baltic Sea. A total of 245 ports and 5 areas defining the borders of the Baltic Sea were used to generate the trips as lines. The lines are joining the AIS signals (points) for each ship traveling between the ports or from/to outside the Baltic Sea. The lines were applied to the grid to count the total number of lines crossing each cell for each month. The final map displays the average per cell from 2016 to 2020.
Breeding success of waterbirds data HOLAS 3
This dataset contains core indicator data developed under the HELCOM Third Holistic Assessment of the Ecosystem Health of the Baltic Sea (HOLAS 3).
The dataset was created in order to update the information for the indicator under HOLAS 3. Following a data call submitted to Contracting Parties in April 2021. HELCOM HOLAS III Data call covers all current regular monitoring data reporting as well as supplemental data that is required for the State of the Baltic Sea report.
HELCOM subbasins with coastal and offshore division 2022 (level 3)
This dataset includes assessment units in scale 3. HELCOM Subbasins with coastal and offshore division 2022 (Division of the Baltic Sea into 17 sub-basins and further division into coastal and off-shore areas) as defined in the http://www.helcom.fi/Documents/Action%20areas/Monitoring%20and%20assessment/Monitoring%20and%20assessment%20strategy/Monitoring%20and%20assessment%20strategy.pdf. Subbasin divisioning is indicated as polygons in this dataset Coastal areas are aggregations of WFD water types reported by member countries.
Dataset has been prepared based on polygons of HELCOM open sea basins and merged to WFD water types and water bodies as submitted by HELCOM contracting parties. The dataset was corrected in 11 September 2017 regarding Sound-Arkona and Kattegat-Great belt border. This dataset was updated in September 2017 following the update of http://www.helcom.fi/Documents/Action%20areas/Monitoring%20and%20assessment/Monitoring%20and%20assessment%20strategy/Monitoring%20and%20assessment%20strategy.pdf as agreed in https://portal.helcom.fi/meetings/STATE - CONSERVATION 6-2017-412/MeetingDocuments/Outcome of State and Conservation 6-2017.pdf. Islands under 1 ha have been removed from the dataset and polygon shape have been simplified with ArcGIS bend simplify tool with 100m maximum allowable offset in September 2017. Earlier version of the dataset was corrected in September 2013 by modifying assessment unit "Northern Baltic Proper Estonian coastal waters". The dataset was updated again in 2022 with changes collected for HELCOM assessment units to be applied in HOLAS III, presented on State and Conservation 15-2021, document 3J-94: https://portal.helcom.fi/meetings/STATE%20-%20CONSERVATION%2015-2021-843/MeetingDocuments/3J-94-Rev.2%20Summary%20of%20HELCOM%20assessment%20unit%20changes%20for%20HOLAS%20III.pdf In august 2022 the dataset was updated to incorporate changes on the Danish coast, resulting in changes in the areas of Kiel Bay and the Great Belt.
Download Breeding success of waterbirds data HOLAS 3
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Download Breeding success of waterbirds data - excel HOLAS 3
This dataset contains points data of hydropower dams and dams downloaded from OpenStreetMap. Attributes specification and units Country: International Country Code (ISO 3166-1-Alpha-2 code elements) name: name of the structure, if available origin: "HOLAS 2" or "OSM" code_ID:OpenStreetMap ID or HOLAS2 Name or ID number of the hydropower dam
Use constraints: Data can be used freely given that the source is cited (following creative commons license CC-BY). The source should be cited as: “HELCOM HOLAS 3 Dataset (2023)”.
This dataset contains points data of hydropower dams and dams. The dataset contains data used from HOLAS 2, made available by HELCOM Contracting Parties in response to the data requests, and complemented with Open Street Map (OSM) open source data, downloaded in March 2022. Metadata for HOLAS 2 is available at https://metadata.helcom.fi/geonetwork/srv/eng/catalog.search#/metadata/585a20d9-125f-4ac0-b515-699f28422a36. A selection from OSM data included the attribute "manmade" with the value "dam", and the attribute "other_tags" containing the text '"waterway"=>"dam"'. A selection of the data within the catchment area of the Baltic sea was applied. OSM data is not quality assured and is based on a dataset that can be freely modified by all users.
Commercial fisheries with traps and pots
The dataset contains information on commercial traps and pots fishery in Baltic Sea in 2007 (Lithuanian data from 2008). Total catches/landings are given per ICES rectangle in tons. The dataset contains information on commercial traps and pots fishery in Baltic Sea in 2007 (Lithuanian data from 2008). Total catches/landings are given per ICES rectangle in tons. Gillnet gears (included in the gear category 3, coastal and stationary gears) includes falling gears, live-bait gears set gillnets, trammel nets, handlines and pole-lines. The catches/landings per ICES rectangle are also given per species. Data was requested from HELCOM contracting parties through HELCOM HOLAS project. Landings/ catches data from Finland, Sweden, Denmark, Germany, Poland, Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia is based on national data, while Russian data is based on the ICES report "Report of the Baltic Fisheries Assessment Working Group (WGBFAS)" (2008). Commercial fishery data was reported by the following persons/authorities to HELCOM Secretariat: Germany:Dr. Christopher Zimmermann (Institut für Ostseefischerei (OSF), Johann Heinrich von Thünen-Institut (vTI), Bundesforschungsinstitut für Ländliche Räume, Wald und Fischerei) Lithuania: Open sea: Irina Jakovleva (Fisheries Reguliation Division, Baltic Sea Fisheries Department, Fisheries Department under the Ministry of Agriculture); coastal: Rimantas Repecka (Head of Laboratory of Marine Ecology, Institute of Ecology of Vilnius University) Sweden: Jarl Engquist (Avdelningen för fiskerikontroll, Swedish Board of Fisheries) Latvia: Marina Fettere (Fishery and Information section, Latvian Fish Resources Agency) Finland: Pirkko Söderkultalahti (Finnish Game and Fisheries Research Institute) Estonia: Ministry of Agriculture Denmark: Troels Pade (The Danish Directorate of Fisheries, Ministry for Food, Agriculture and Fisheries) Russia: no contact person, data from ICES reports Poland: Malgorzata Marciniewicz-Mykieta (Departament Monitoringu i Informacji o Srodowisku, Glówny Inspektorat Ochrony Srodowiska) Abbreviation of species ABK=White Bream; ACC=Ruffe; ACH=Charr; ALR=Bleak; ANE=European anchovy; ANF=Anglerfishes; BLL=Brill; CAT=Rockfishes; CGO=Goldfish; COD=Cod; CRA=Marine crabs; CRE=Edible Crab; CSH=Common shrimp; DAB=Dab; DGS=Sourdog/Spint Dogfish; ELE=Eel; ELP=Eelpout; FAS=Asp; FBM=Bream; FBR=Freshwater breams; FBU=Burbot; FCC=Crucian carp; FCP=Common carp; FGR=Grayling; FID=Orfe (=Ide); FIE=Common dace; FLE=Flounder; FLX=Flatfishes; FPE=Perch; FPI=Pike; FPP=Zander (Pikeperch); FRD=Rudd; FRF=Freshwater fishes; FRO=Roach; FRU=Ruffe; FSB=Silver bream; FTE=Tench; FVE=Vendace (Cisco); FVI=Freshwater Vimba; GAR=Garfish; GPA=Gobies; GTA=Three-Spined Stickleback; GUG=Grey Gurnard; HAD=Haddock; HAL=Halibut; HER=Herring; HKE=Hake; HOM=Horse Mackarel; JAX=Jack and horse mackerels; LAR=River lamprey; LAU=Sea lamprey; LBE=European Lobster; LEM=Lemon Sole; LIN=Ling; LUM=Lumpfish; MAC=Mackerel; MLR=Thicklip Grey Mullet; MON=Monkfish; MQS=Four Spined Sculpin; MTL=Thick-lipped Mullet; MUL=Grey mullets; MUS=Blue mussel; MUX=Surmullets (= Red mullets); MZZ=Marine fishes; NBU=Round Goby NEP=Norway lobster; NOP=Norway pout; OTH=Other sp; PLA=Long-rough dab; PLE=Plaice; PLN=European Whitefish; POK=Saithe; POL=Pollack; PPZ=Common Prawn; PRA=Northern Pink Shrimp; SAL=Salmon; SAN=Sandeels; SKA=Skates, rays; SKB=Sticklebacks; SME=Smelt; SOL=Sole; SPR=Sprat; SQU=Squids; SRA=Atlantic searobins; SRE=Rudd; TAS=Twaite Shad; TGQ=Fourhorn Sculpin; TRB=Rainbow Trout; TRO=Trouts; TRR=Rainbow Trout; TRS=SeaTrout; TSD=Twaite Shad; TUR=Turbot; UNK=Unknown Catches; USK=Tusk; WEG=Greater Weever; WHB=Blue Whiting; WHF=Whitefish, Houting, Powan; WHG=Whiting; WIT=Witch; VIV=Vimba bream
Introduction of radionuclides is based on HELCOM MORS Discharge data from 2011 to 2014. The isotopes taken into account were: Cesium-137, Strontium-90, and Cobalt-60. The decay-corrected annual average of the sum of the radionuclide discharges (in Bq) were calculated for the pressure. 10 km buffer with linear decreasing function was used to represent the impact distance from the nuclear power plant outlets.
Data source: See separate fact sheet on Discharges of radioactive substances from NPPs. Data quality: The annual discharges of radioactive substances were reported from all of the operational nuclear power plants. Some gaps may occur in the radioactive discharge data. Attribute information: Introduction of Cesium-137, Strontium-90, and Cobalt-60 in Bq Spatial coverage: Entire Baltic Sea. Spatial resolution: Original data as points, 10 km impact distance applied from the outlets and finally converted to 1 km x 1 km grid.
Reefs (according to Habitats Directive Annex I) are hard compact substrata (either biogenic or geogenic) on solid and soft bottoms, which arise from the seafloor in the sublittoral and littoral zone. Distribution of mapped Natura 2000 habitat “Reefs” based on data submission by HELCOM contracting parties. Most of the submitted data is based on modelling and limited ground-truthing. Data coverage, accuracy and the methods in obtaining the data vary between countries.
Use constraints: Data can be used freely given that the source is cited as "HELCOM HOLAS II Dataset: Natura 2000 habitats: Reefs (1170) (2017)".
Data source: Denmark: Polygon data on reefs found within Natura 2000 sites. Source: Danish Nature Agency. Estonia: Modelled distribution of reefs based on observations from national monitoring and inventories. Source: Estonian Marine Institute. Finland: Modelled distribution of potential reefs. Source: Finnish Environment Institute. Germany: Polygon data on reef distribution. Sources: Landesamt für Landwirtschaft, Umwelt und ländliche Räume Schleswig-Holstein and Landesamt für Umwelt, Naturschutz und Geologie Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. Latvia: Modelled distribution of reefs, substrate not confirmed. Source: Latvian Institute of Aquatic Ecology Lithuania: Distribution of reefs defined based on Mytilus distribution. Source: Klaipeda University Poland: Distribution of reefs according to Habitats Directive Art. 17 Report (2007-2012). 10km grid cells. Source: General Directorate for Environmental Protection. Russia: Habitats Directive not implemented. Sweden: Polygon data on reefs, including also reefs of biogenic origin. Does not cover the whole Swedish marine area (covers Västernorrland, Södermanland, Östergötland, Blekinge and Skåne counties). Source: Swedish Agency for Marine and Water Management (HaV). Data quality: Data quality and habitat definitions vary between countries. Data is often based on modelling and ground-truthing has not always taken place. The dataset was approved by all HELCOM Contracting Parties in the HOLAS II Ecosystem component data review process during first quarter of 2017 after corrections from Germany and Poland. Attribute information: Raster value representing presence (1) or absence (0) of reefs.