Predictors used for spatial modelling of species and biotopes within the Protect Baltic project
These data sets spans multiple oceanographic, chemical, physical, and geomorphological layers. Bathymetric complexity was captured through broad- and fine-scale Bathymetric Position Indices, along with seafloor depth, slope, and ruggedness. Seafloor characteristics included sediment type* and wave exposure estimates. Water column properties were described using measurements of oxygen, salinity, temperature, pH, and nutrient concentrations (nitrate and phosphate) at both bottom and surface layers, each described by mean values and standard deviations. Stratification were characterized by Secchi depth, mixed layer depth, and sea ice concentration. Productivity was approximated by chlorophyll-a concentration. Surface and subsurface variability in wave conditions and satellite-derived sea surface temperature were also collected. Swedish sediment information published with permission from the Swedish Maritime Authority: Decision 23-06009 (12 Sep 2024).
To prepare the layers, we applied a procedure designed to iteratively extrapolate missing values in a raster layer by applying a moving window mean filter. It first aligns the input raster to the target grid (Baltic Sea grid at 250 m resolution) using a specified projection method, then repeatedly fills in missing data based on the mean of neighboring cells within a circular window of user-defined size (2 in this case). This iterative process continues until either all missing values are filled or a predefined number of iterations is reached, with early termination if convergence occurs. This procedure ensures that extrapolation respects the spatial extent of the reference grid and provides progress updates during processing.
This metadata covers following predictor layers:
Bottom Oxygen (Mean) - Mole concentration of dissolved molecular oxygen in sea water at the bottom (µmol/L)
Bottom Oxygen (CV) - Coefficient of variation of dissolved molecular oxygen in sea water at the bottom (%)
Bottom Salinity (Mean) - Sea water salinity at seafloor (PSU)
Bottom Salinity (CV) - Coefficient of variation of sea water salinity at seafloor (%)
Bottom Temperature (Mean) - Sea water potential temperature at seafloor (ºC)
Bottom Temperature (CV) - Coefficient of variation of sea water potential temperature at seafloor (%)
Broad-Scale Bathymetric Position Index - Bathymetric position index, ratio of average depth within 4 km radius to average depth within 20 km radius (m)
Chlorophyll-a (Mean) - Mass concentration of chlorophyll a in sea water (mg/m³)
Chlorophyll-a (CV) - Coefficient of variation of mass concentration of chlorophyll a in sea water (%)
Coarse substrate - Coarse substrate probability of occurrence (%)
Depth attenuated exposure at the seafloor - Depth attenuated exposure at the seafloor
Distance from the coastline - Distance from the coastline (m)
Distance from the nearest river - Distance from the nearest river (m)
Fine-Scale Bathymetric Position Index - Bathymetric position index, ratio of average depth within 500 m radius to average depth within 5 km radius (m)
Hard substrate - Hard substrate probability of occurrence (%)
Mixed Layer Depth (Mean) - Ocean mixed layer thickness defined by sigma theta (m)
Mixed Layer Depth (CV) - Coefficient of variation of ocean mixed layer thickness defined by sigma theta (%)
Sand substrate - Sand substrate probability of occurrence (%)
Sea Ice Concentration (Mean) - Sea ice fraction (%)
Sea Ice Concentration (CV) - Coefficient of variation of sea ice fraction (%)
Sea surface height (Mean) - Sea surface height above sea level
Sea surface height (CV) - Coefficient of variation of sea surface height above sea level (%)
Seafloor Depth - Depth in meters below sea surface (m)
Seafloor Rugosity within 3 cell radius - Rugosity within 3 cell radius
Seafloor Slope - Steepness of the seafloor slope in degrees (Degrees)
Secchi Depth (Mean) - Secchi depth of sea water (m)
Secchi Depth (CV) - Coefficient of variation of secchi depth of sea water (%)
Soft substrate - Soft substrate probability of occurrence (%)
Surface Ammonium (Mean) - Mole concentration of ammonium in sea water (µmol/L)
Surface Ammonium (CV) - Coefficient of variation of mole concentration of ammonium in sea water (%)
Surface Carbon Dioxide (Mean) - Surface partial pressure of carbon dioxide in sea water (µatm)
Surface Carbon Dioxide (CV) - Coefficient of variation of surface partial pressure of carbon dioxide in sea water (%)
Surface Nitrate (Mean) - Mole concentration of nitrate in sea water (µmol/L)
Surface Nitrate (CV) - Coefficient of variation of mole concentration of nitrate in sea water (%)
Surface Oxygen (Mean) - Mole concentration of dissolved molecular oxygen in sea water at the surface (µmol/L)
Surface Oxygen (CV) - Coefficient of variation of mole concentration of dissolved molecular oxygen in sea water at the surface (%)
Surface pH (Mean) - Sea water pH reported on total scale (pH)
Surface pH (CV) - Coefficient of variation of sea water pH reported on total scale (%)
Surface Phosphate (Mean) - Mole concentration of phosphate in sea water(µmol/L)
Surface Phosphate (CV) - Coefficient of variation of mole concentration of phosphate in sea water (%)
Surface Primary Productivity (Mean) - Net primary production of biomass expressed as carbon per unit volume in sea water (mg C/m³/day)
Surface Primary Productivity (CV) - Coefficient of variation of net primary production of biomass expressed as carbon per unit volume in sea water (%)
Surface Salinity (Mean) - Sea water salinity at surface (PSU)
Surface Salinity (CV) - Coefficient of variation of sea water salinity at surface (%)
Surface Temperature (Mean) - Sea water potential temperature at surface (ºC)
Surface Temperature (CV) - Coefficient of variation of sea water potential temperature at surface (%)
Terrain Aspect - Aspect, i.e., direction in which the slope is facing out of 360 degrees (N, S, E, W)
Wave Height Max (Mean) - Sea surface wave significant height (m)
Wave Height Max (CV) - Coefficient of variation of sea surface wave significant height (%)
* Swedish sediment information published with permission from the Swedish Maritime Authority: Decision 23-06009 (12 Sep 2024).
Simple
- Date (Creation)
- 2025-06-01
- Unique resource identifier
- https://metadata.helcom.fi/geonetwork/srv/eng/catalog.search#/metadata/d1830d19-ddd7-42c5-a9e7-335a2a7df4d8
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GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0
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Geographical grid systems
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Elevation
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Oceanographic geographical features
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Geology
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GEMET
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chemical oceanography
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physical oceanography
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oceanography
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ocean temperature
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ocean current
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- Keywords
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MADS
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- Use constraints
- Other restrictions
- Other constraints
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Use constraints: Data can be used freely given that the source (HELCOM) is cited.
- Access constraints
- Other restrictions
- Other constraints
- Access constraints: No limitations on public access.
- Spatial representation type
- Grid
Spatial resolution
- Metadata language
- English
- Topic category
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- Environment
- Oceans
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- Begin date
- 2010-01-01 Unknown
- End date
- 2023-12-31 Now
- Unique resource identifier
- EPSG:3035
- Distribution format
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Raster
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1.0
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Raster
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1.0
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- OnLine resource
- Download Bottom Oxygen (Mean) Dataset ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Open Bottom Oxygen (Mean) in Map Viewer ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Download Bottom Oxygen (CV) Dataset ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Open Bottom Oxygen (CV) in Map Viewer ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Download Bottom Salinity (Mean) Dataset ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Open Bottom Salinity (Mean) in Map Viewer ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Download Bottom Salinity (CV) Dataset ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Open Bottom Salinity (CV) in Map Viewer ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Download Bottom Temperature (Mean) Dataset ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Open Bottom Temperature (Mean) in Map Viewer ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Download Bottom Temperature (CV) Dataset ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Open Bottom Temperature (CV) in Map Viewer ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Download Broad-Scale Bathymetric Position Index Dataset ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Open Broad-Scale Bathymetric Position Index in Map Viewer ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Download Chlorophyll-a (Mean) Dataset ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Open Chlorophyll-a (Mean) in Map Viewer ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Download Chlorophyll-a (CV) Dataset ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Open Chlorophyll-a (CV) in Map Viewer ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Download Coarse substrate Dataset ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Open Coarse substrate in Map Viewer ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Download Depth attenuated exposure at the seafloor Dataset ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Open Depth attenuated exposure at the seafloor in Map Viewer ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Download Distance from the coastline dataset ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Open Distance from the coastline in Map Viewer ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Download Distance from the nearest river Dataset ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Open Distance from the nearest river in Map Viewer ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Download Fine-Scale Bathymetric Position Index Dataset ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Open Fine-Scale Bathymetric Position Index in Map Viewer ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Download Hard substrate Dataset ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Open Hard substrate in Map Viewer ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Download Mixed Layer Depth (Mean) Dataset ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Open Mixed Layer Depth (Mean) in Map Viewer ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Download Mixed Layer Depth (CV) Dataset ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Open Mixed Layer Depth (CV) in Map Viewer ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Download Sand substrate Dataset ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Open Sand substrate in Map Viewer ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Download Sea Ice Concentration (Mean) Dataset ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Open Sea Ice Concentration (Mean) in Map Viewer ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Download Sea Ice Concentration (CV) Dataset ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Open Sea Ice Concentration (CV) in Map Viewer ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Download Sea surface height (Mean) Dataset ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Open Sea surface height (Mean) in Map Viewer ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Download Sea surface height (CV) Dataset ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Open Sea surface height (CV) in Map Viewer ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Download Seafloor Depth Dataset ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Open Seafloor Depth in Map Viewer ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Download Seafloor Rugosity within 3 cells Dataset ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- View Seafloor Rugosity within 3 cell radius in Map Viewer ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Download Seafloor slope Dataset ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Open Seafloor slope in Map Viewer ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Download Secchi Depth (Mean) Dataset ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Open Secchi Depth (Mean) in Map Viewer ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Download Secchi Depth (CV) Dataset ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- View Secchi Depth (CV) in Map Viewer ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Download Soft substrate Dataset ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- View Soft substrate in Map Viewer ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Download Surface Ammonium (Mean) Dataset ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- View Surface Ammonium (Mean) in Map Viewer ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Download Surface Ammonium (CV) Dataset ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- View Surface Ammonium (CV) in Map Viewer ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Download Surface Carbon Dioxide (Mean) Dataset ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- View Surface Carbon Dioxide (Mean) in Map Viewer ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Download Surface Carbon Dioxide (CV) Dataset ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Open Surface Carbon Dioxide (CV) in Map Viewer ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Download Surface Nitrate (Mean) Dataset ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Open Surface Nitrate (Mean) in Map Viewer ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Download Surface Nitrate (CV) Dataset ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Open Surface Nitrate (CV) in Map Viewer ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Download Surface Oxygen (Mean) Dataset ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Open Surface Oxygen (Mean) in Map Viewer ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Download Surface Oxygen (CV) Dataset ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Open Surface Oxygen (CV) in Map Viewer ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Download Surface pH (Mean) Dataset ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Open Surface pH (Mean) in Map Viewer ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Download Surface pH (CV) Dataset ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Open Surface pH (CV) in Map Viewer ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Download Surface Phoshate (Mean) Dataset ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Open Surface Phosphate (Mean) in Map Viewer ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Download Surface Phosphate (CV) Dataset ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Open Surface Phosphate (CV) in Map Viewer ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Download Surface Primary Productivity (Mean) Dataset ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Open Surface Primary Productivity (Mean) in Map Viewer ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Download Surface Primary Productivity (CV) in Map Viewer Dataset ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Open Surface Primary Productivity (CV) in Map Viewer ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Download Surface Salinity (Mean) Dataset ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Open Surface Salinity (Mean) in Map Viewer ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Download Surface Salinity (CV) Dataset ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Open Surface Salinity (CV) ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Download Surface Temperature (Mean) Dataset ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Open Surface Temperature (Mean) in Map Viewer ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Download Surface Temperature (CV) Dataset ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Open Surface Temperature (CV) in Map Viewer ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Download Terrain Aspect Dataset ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Open Terrain Aspect in Map Viewer ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Download Wave Height Max (Mean) Dataset ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Open Wave Height Max (Mean) in map viewer ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Download Wave Height Max (CV) Dataset ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- OnLine resource
- Open Wave Height Max (CV) in Map Viewer ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link )
- Hierarchy level
- Dataset
Conformance result
- Date (Publication)
- 2010-12-08
- Statement
-
Predictor Layers from Source
Bottom Oxygen (CV) from Copernicus - Baltic Sea Biogeochemistry Reanalysis
Bottom Oxygen (Mean) from Copernicus - Baltic Sea Biogeochemistry Reanalysis
Bottom Salinity (CV) from Copernicus - Baltic Sea Physics Reanalysis
Bottom Salinity (Mean) from Copernicus - Baltic Sea Physics Reanalysis
Bottom Temperature (CV) from Copernicus - Baltic Sea Physics Reanalysis
Bottom Temperature (Mean) from Copernicus - Baltic Sea Physics Reanalysis
Broad-Scale Bathymetric Position Index from Baltic Sea Bathymetry Database
Chlorophyll-a (CV) from Copernicus - Baltic Sea Biogeochemistry Reanalysis
Chlorophyll-a (Mean) from Copernicus - Baltic Sea Biogeochemistry Reanalysis
Coarse substrate from Swedish Maritime Authority
Depth attenuated exposure at the seafloor from Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE)
Distance from the coastline from HELCOM Marine Area (modified)
Distance from the nearest river from HELCOM Rivers
Fine-Scale Bathymetric Position Index from Baltic Sea Bathymetry Database
Hard substrate from Swedish Maritime Authority
Mixed Layer Depth (CV) from Copernicus - Baltic Sea Physics Reanalysis
Mixed Layer Depth (Mean) from Copernicus - Baltic Sea Physics Reanalysis
Sand substrate from Swedish Maritime Authority
Sea Ice Concentration (CV) from Copernicus - Baltic Sea Physics Reanalysis
Sea Ice Concentration (Mean) from Copernicus - Baltic Sea Physics Reanalysis
Sea surface height (CV) from Copernicus - Baltic Sea Physics Reanalysis
Sea surface height (Mean) from Copernicus - Baltic Sea Physics Reanalysis
Seafloor Depth from Baltic Sea Bathymetry Database
Seafloor Rugosity within 3 cell radius from Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE)
Seafloor Slope from Baltic Sea Bathymetry Database
Secchi Depth (CV) from Copernicus - Baltic Sea Biogeochemistry Reanalysis
Secchi Depth (Mean) from Copernicus - Baltic Sea Biogeochemistry Reanalysis
Soft substrate from Swedish Maritime Authority
Surface Ammonium (CV) from Copernicus - Baltic Sea Biogeochemistry Reanalysis
Surface Ammonium (Mean) from Copernicus - Baltic Sea Biogeochemistry Reanalysis
Surface Carbon Dioxide (CV) from Copernicus - Baltic Sea Biogeochemistry Reanalysis
Surface Carbon Dioxide (Mean) from Copernicus - Baltic Sea Biogeochemistry Reanalysis
Surface Nitrate (CV) from Copernicus - Baltic Sea Biogeochemistry Reanalysis
Surface Nitrate (Mean) from Copernicus - Baltic Sea Biogeochemistry Reanalysis
Surface Oxygen (CV) from Copernicus - Baltic Sea Biogeochemistry Reanalysis
Surface Oxygen (Mean) from Copernicus - Baltic Sea Biogeochemistry Reanalysis
Surface pH (CV) from Copernicus - Baltic Sea Biogeochemistry Reanalysis
Surface pH (Mean) from Copernicus - Baltic Sea Biogeochemistry Reanalysis
Surface Phosphate (CV) from Copernicus - Baltic Sea Biogeochemistry Reanalysis
Surface Phosphate (Mean) from Copernicus - Baltic Sea Biogeochemistry Reanalysis
Surface Primary Productivity (CV) from Copernicus - Baltic Sea Biogeochemistry Reanalysis
Surface Primary Productivity (Mean) from Copernicus - Baltic Sea Biogeochemistry Reanalysis
Surface Salinity (CV) from Copernicus - Baltic Sea Physics Reanalysis
Surface Salinity (Mean) from Copernicus - Baltic Sea Physics Reanalysis
Surface Temperature (CV) from Copernicus - Baltic Sea Physics Reanalysis
Surface Temperature (Mean) from Copernicus - Baltic Sea Physics Reanalysis
Terrain Aspect from Baltic Sea Bathymetry Database
Wave Height Max (CV) from Copernicus - Baltic Sea Physics Reanalysis
Wave Height Max (Mean) from Copernicus - Baltic Sea Physics Reanalysis
- File identifier
- d1830d19-ddd7-42c5-a9e7-335a2a7df4d8 XML
- Metadata language
- English
- Character set
- UTF8
- Hierarchy level
- Dataset
- Date stamp
- 2025-07-11T17:35:38
Overviews
Spatial extent
))
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