Potential cumulative impacts of eutrophication and hazardous substances assesses the cumulative potential effect of eutrophication and hazardous substances over all ecosystem components. The evaluation is based on the pressure layer on eutrophication and hazardous substances, combined with information on all ecosystem components (57 layers) included in SPIA for HOLAS 3. The thematic analyses is calculated for each assessment unit (1 km2 grid cells) and the data set covers the time period 2016-2021.

Spatial Pressure and Impact Assessment (SPIA) is the framework for assessing spatial and cumulative pressures and impacts in HOLAS 3, and this analyses present a thematic assessment including only a certain subset of layers. The framework also includes results for the Baltic Sea Impact Index (full cumulative impact assessment), Baltic Sea Pressure Index (full cumulative pressure assessment), and other thematic assessments where a subset of pressure and ecosystem layers are used.

For more info please

- visit the HOLAS 3 website ( http://stateofthebalticsea.helcom.fi/)

- download the report thematic assessment of spatial distribution of pressures and impacts 2016-2021 ( https://helcom.fi/post_type_publ/holas3_spa)

- or check out the HELCOM SPIA online tool to make calculations for any desired combination of pressures and ecosystem layers ( https://maps.helcom.fi/website/bsii/).

Please scroll down to "Lineage" for a more detailed description of the methodology.