Physical loss pressure layer combines all human activities that cause physical loss of seabed. The pressure is given as area lost in each cell (km2). For the polygon datasets the area was assumed to be the lost area. For line and point datasets spatial extents were calculated with buffers (below in brackets). If no buffer extent is indicated, the data was reported as polygon. The human activities used for the physical loss pressure: Land claim - Area of polygon or 50 m buffer for points, 30m buffer for lines. Area of polygon - buffered line or point data, equals lost area. Watercourse modification - 50 m buffer. Area of polygon, buffered line or point data, equals lost area. Coastal defence and flood protection - 50 m buffer for lines, area of polygon. Area of polygon, buffered line or point data, equals lost area. Extraction of sand and gravel - Area of polygon. Area of polygon equals lost area. Dredging (capital) - Area of polygon or a 25/50 m buffer for <5000 m3 / >5000m3 sites. Area of polygon, buffered line or point data, equals lost area. Oil platforms - 25 m buffer. Buffered point data, equals lost area. Pipelines - 15 m buffer around cables with operational status. Area of polygon, buffered line or point data, equals lost area. Wind farms - 30 m buffer around each turbine with operational status. Buffered point data, equals lost area. Cables - 1.5 m buffer around cables with operational status. Buffered line data, equals lost area. Harbours - Polygon with 200 m buffer. Area of polygon, buffered line or point data, equals lost area. Marinas and leisure harbour - Point with 200 m buffer. Buffered point data, equals lost area. Bridges - 2 m buffer. Buffered line data, equals lost area. Finfish mariculture - 150 m buffer. Buffered point data, equals lost area. Shellfish mariculture - Area of polygon, 150 m buffer for points. Buffered point data, equals lost area. Activities are combined and potentially overlapping areas are removed. Dataset is clipped with coastline. Combined layer is intersected with 1 km grid to calculate % of area lost within a cell.

Regional hunting numbers for Grey seals 2011-2014.

Observations of Monoporeia affinis were collected from the Baltic Sea area for HELCOM Red List species list. The HELCOM Red List of Baltic Sea species in danger of becoming extinct (2013) is the first threat assessment for Baltic Sea species that covers all marine mammals, fish, birds, macrophytes (aquatic plants), and benthic invertebrates, and follows the Red List criteria of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Almost 2800 species were considered in the Red List assessment and about 1750 were evaluated according to the IUCN Red List criteria. Monoporeia affinis has been placed to the Red List category of Least Concern (LC) species. Dataset for download contains spatial grid of the Baltic Sea. Distribution of the species can be found in corresponding name column. Values are coded: 1 - Present before year 2000 or in 2000, 2 - Present after year 2000, 3 - Present both before and after year 2000.

This dataset contains all HBCD stations by sub-basin in the Baltic Sea as reported to the HELCOM MORE project.

This dataset contains point data for marinas and leisure harbours, downloaded from the OpenStreetMap. Attributes specification and units osm_id: OpenStreetMap ID name: Name of the structure, if available Country: The country where the structure is located

Distribution of blue mussel based on data submission by HELCOM contracting parties. Mainly pointwise occurrences of Mytilus spp. were submitted, originally gathered in national mapping and monitoring campaigns, or for scientific research. Point data from Poland was digitized based on Polish Marine Atlas. From Lithuania, a polygon delineating reefs was used to present Mytilus occurrence. For Germany, point data was complemented with a model describing Mytilus biomass in the German marine area (Darr et al. 2014), where predicted biomasses > 1g dw/ m2 were included as presence. From Estonian waters, a predictive model was used (200m resolution), that was converted to presence/absence using minimized difference threshold (MDT) criteria. All data (points, polygon and the raster presenting predicted presence of Mytilus) were generalized to 5km x 5km grid cells.

This dataset represents the underlying data on core indicator Seasonal succession of dominating phytoplankton groups 2018. The core indicator evaluates phytoplankton community structure to determine whether it reflects good environmental status. Quantitative thresholds are used to evaluate if core indicators status is Good, Not good or Not assessed. Attribute information: "Code"= ID of HELCOM level 2 assessment unit "Assessment" = Name of HELCOM level 2 assessment unit "Station" = Name of station "Lat" = Latitude of station in WGS 84 decimal degrees "Lon" = Longitude of station in WGS 84 decimal degrees "Data_avail" = Data availability period (years) "Reference" = Reference period (years) "Data_provi" = Data provider organisation "Country" = Data provider country "Station_na" = Station name "Date" = Sampling date and time "Year" = Year of sampling "Month" = Month of sampling "Cyano" = Cyanobacteria "Dino" = Dinoflagellates "Diatoms" = Diatoms "Meso_rub" = Mesodinium rubrum "CyanoIn" = "DinoIn" = "DiatomsIn" = "MesoRubIn" =

Observations of Raja clavata were collected from the Baltic Sea area for HELCOM Red List species list. The HELCOM Red List of Baltic Sea species in danger of becoming extinct (2013) is the first threat assessment for Baltic Sea species that covers all marine mammals, fish, birds, macrophytes (aquatic plants), and benthic invertebrates, and follows the Red List criteria of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Almost 2800 species were considered in the Red List assessment and about 1750 were evaluated according to the IUCN Red List criteria. Raja clavata has been placed to the Red List category of Vulnerable (VU) species. The map shows the sub-basins in the HELCOM area where the species is known to occur regularly and to reproduce (HELCOM 2012).

This dataset describes fishing intensity for Seine mobile bottom contacting gear in 2015 based on VMS/Log book data processed by ICES Working Group on Spatial Fisheries Data (WGSFD). ICES secretariat collected during 2017 relevant VMS and logbook data for 2009-2016 to produce, as a technical service to HELCOM, updated spatial data layers on fishing intensity/pressure. Improved data quality control checks were implemented. Submitted data across the HELCOM area have improved in quality compared to previous data 2009-2013 published in 2015. Standardized methods were used to produce the requested data layers. The code used to create the data products is available here: https://github.com/ices-eg/wg_WGSFD For further technical information on the advice request, see http://www.ices.dk/sites/pub/Publication%20Reports/Advice/2017/Special_requests/helcom.2017.18.pdf HELCOM secretariat did the following processing to the shapefile provided by ICES: - Conversion to ETRS89LAEA coordinate system - Added feature and attribute "Reported" to display unreported areas. Dataset attribute information: c-square: Unique reference of the c-square polygon Year: Year of fishing activity mid_lat: latitude coordinate of the centroid of c-square inWGS84 decimal degrees mid_lon: longitude coordinate of the centroid of c-square inWGS84 decimal degrees SurfaceSAR: Surface area ratio (Swept area, < 2 cm penetration depth of the gear components) Subsurface: Subsurface area ratio (Swept area, subsurface =>2 cm penetration depth of the gear components) totweight: Total Weight (kg) totvalue: Total value (Euros) Kw Fishing Hours: (Kw*h) Fishing hours: (h) Reported: Yes=Reported data. No= No reported data (area that does not contain effort/intensity value due to lack of reported data). Please note that this dataset was updated (v2) in January 2019, see further details below in the lineage section.

This dataset describes fishing intensity for OT CRU mobile bottom contacting gear in 2013 based on VMS/Log book data processed by ICES Working Group on Spatial Fisheries Data (WGSFD). ICES secretariat collected during 2017 relevant VMS and logbook data for 2009-2016 to produce, as a technical service to HELCOM, updated spatial data layers on fishing intensity/pressure. Improved data quality control checks were implemented. Submitted data across the HELCOM area have improved in quality compared to previous data 2009-2013 published in 2015. Standardized methods were used to produce the requested data layers. The code used to create the data products is available here: https://github.com/ices-eg/wg_WGSFD For further technical information on the advice request, see http://www.ices.dk/sites/pub/Publication%20Reports/Advice/2017/Special_requests/helcom.2017.18.pdf HELCOM secretariat did the following processing to the shapefile provided by ICES: - Conversion to ETRS89LAEA coordinate system - Added feature and attribute "Reported" to display unreported areas. Dataset attribute information: c-square: Unique reference of the c-square polygon Year: Year of fishing activity mid_lat: latitude coordinate of the centroid of c-square inWGS84 decimal degrees mid_lon: longitude coordinate of the centroid of c-square inWGS84 decimal degrees SurfaceSAR: Surface area ratio (Swept area, < 2 cm penetration depth of the gear components) Subsurface: Subsurface area ratio (Swept area, subsurface =>2 cm penetration depth of the gear components) totweight: Total Weight (kg) totvalue: Total value (Euros) Kw Fishing Hours: (Kw*h) Fishing hours: (h) Reported: Yes=Reported data. No= No reported data (area that does not contain effort/intensity value due to lack of reported data). Please note that this dataset was updated (v2) in January 2019, see further details below in the lineage section.